Blueshift e redshift6/21/2023 ![]() This exercise suggests that the turbulent eddies will occur at spatial scales approaching the radial distance while tracking the surfaces of null angular velocity gradients. To get a qualitative feel for the dynamical evolution of the flow below $r_$, we assume a mildly advective accretion flow such that the angular velocity profile departs slowly from circular geodesic flow. The MRI-in its incompressible variant- is found to operate virtually unabated down to the marginally stable orbit the putative inner boundary of standard accretion disk theory. This construction enables a transparent connection between particle dynamics and the ensuing dispersion relation for MHD wave modes. In this paper, we develop a fully covariant, Lagrangian displacement vector field formalism with the aim of addressing these issues for a disk embedded in a stationary geometry with negligible radial flow. Since inertial accelerations play a fundamental dynamical role in the process, one may expect substantial modifications by strong gravity in the case of accretion on to a black hole. The magnetorotational instability originates from the elastic coupling of fluid elements in orbit around a gravitational well. G αβ (x) e^ iγ αβ x () = 8π G c 4 Φ (x) T αβ (x) e ^i Φ (x) is the meta-material spin 0, zero-rank locally frame-invariant tensor field dimensionless susceptibility response of the exotic meta-material fuselage lattice of nano-scale "meta-atoms" to the applied Frohlich electromagnetic pump driving field. c is the speed of far field transverse radiation in vacuum (poles of the Feynman propagator in the complex energy plane). Tαβ (x) is the source stress-energy 2nd rank symmetric tensor of the applied Frohlich pump electromagnetic field inside the exotic meta-material in our problem. Gαβ(x) = 8π G c ^-4 Tαβ (x) Gαβ(x) is the induced 2nd rank symmetric tensor warp gravity curvature field. We also see some of the galaxies in the Virgo Cluster with blueshifts (e.g., M86 and the dwarf galaxies near it) as they move at large velocities relative to the center of the Virgo Cluster.Īs Galileo probably never said, Eppur si muove - “And yet it moves.” Similarly, blueshifted galaxies are not a problem for our understanding of the expansion of the universe.Einstein's 1916 gravitational field equation is (1.1) The Sarfatti-Wanser ansis (1.2) 1 In physics and mathematics, an ansatz (/ˈaensaets/ German:, meaning: "initial placement of a tool at a work piece", plural ansätze /ˈaensɛtsə/ German: or ansatzes) is an educated guess or an additional assumption made to help solve a problem, and which is later verified to be part of the solution by its results. ![]() It is heading toward us and will merge with the Milky Way in about 4 billion years. Most of these are Local Group dwarf galaxies however, the Andromeda Galaxy (M31) has a blueshift of about 186 miles per second (300 km/s). Something like 100 nearby galaxies have blueshifts. In the nearby universe, light travel times and cosmological redshifts are relatively small, so sometimes the peculiar motion “wins” and we observe some galaxies with blueshifts. When we measure the redshift or blueshift of light from distant galaxies, it is the sum of the cosmological redshift and the Doppler shift (either red or blue) from their peculiar motion relative to us. For example, our own galaxy is known to be moving through the universe with a velocity of 1.3 million mph (600km/s). Galaxies are large, and the distances between them are large so they have what sound like very large velocities - generally a few hundreds of kilometers per second. These motions cause additional redshifts or blueshifts in the light from the galaxies (red if they are moving away from us, and blue if they are moving toward us). We also find that groups of galaxies on scales of millions of light-years across move together in bulk flows toward the most massive clusters and superclusters. Meanwhile, galaxies in clusters are orbiting the center of mass of their cluster. Gravity causes smaller galaxies to move toward larger ones. Gravity works on all scales, and it is always attractive. However, galaxies are also moving around in the universe. ![]() The farther away a galaxy is, the more time its light has to travel to reach us, and so the redder its light becomes. The universe is expanding, and this “cosmological redshift” causes the light from distant galaxies to be stretched (made redder) during the time it travels from the galaxy to our telescopes. In fact, almost all galaxies are observed to have redshifts. ![]() The simple answer to this is no, they do not. ![]()
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